I-Ammonium Perselfate

I-Ammonium Perselfate (APS), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Diamomonium Perotodisulfate, ingusawoti we-ammonium ngefomula yamakhemikhali (NH₄) ₂s₂o₈ kanye nesisindo samangqamuzana esingu-228.201 g / mol.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-ammonium perwelfate, i-ejenti ye-oxidizing kanye ne-bleaching, isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yebhethri, njengohlelo lwe-polymerization, kanye ne-ejenti ekhuthazayo embonini yezindwangu. Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwezinsimbi nezinto zokwenziwa ze-semiconductor, i-etching kumabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe, ukukhala kwe-hydraulic ekukhishweni kwamafutha, ufulawa kanye nokulungisa isitashi, nokususa i-hypo in Photography.

1. Izakhiwo zenyama nezamakhemikhali
• Ingxenye eyinhloko: Ibanga lezezimboni, okuqukethwe ≥ 95%.
• Ukubukeka: Amakristalu e-monoclinic angenamibala, kwesinye isikhathi okuluhlaza kancane, nge-hygroscopic Properties.
• Imvelo yamakhemikhali: I-Ammonium Perselfate usawoti we-ammonium we-peroxodisulfuric acid. I-peroxodisulfate ion ineqembu le-peroxide futhi ingumenzeli onamandla oxxizing.
• Ukuwohloka okushisayo: Ku-120 ° C, kububula, ukukhulula umoya-mpilo futhi kwakha ama-pyrosulfates.
• Ikhono le-oxidizing: Kungenza i-oxidize mn²⁺ ku-mno₄⁻.
• Ukulungiselela: Kukhiqizwe nge-electrolyzing ammonium hydrogen sulfate afulfate aqulfate ikhambi.

Amapharamitha asemqoka:
• Iphuzu elincibilikayo: 120 ° C (ukubola)
• Iphuzu elibilayo: ukubola ngaphambi kokubilisa
• Ubuningi (Amanzi = 1): 1.982
• I-Vapor density (Air = 1): 7.9
• I-Solubinity: ukuncibilika kalula emanzini

Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali:
• (NH₄) ₂s₂O₈ + 2h₂o ⇌ 2nh₄hhho₄ + h₂o₂
• Ionic Equation: (NH₄) ₂s₂o₈ ⇌ 2nh₄⁺ + S₂o₈²⁻
• s₂o₈²⁻ + 2h₂o ⇌ 2hso₄⁻ + h₂o₂
• hnje ⇌ H⁺ + so₄²⁻

Isixazululo yi-acicic ngenxa ye-hydrolysis, futhi engeza i-nitric acid ingavimba ukusabela phambili phambili.

2. Izicelo eziphambili
• I-Aprytical Chemistry: Isetshenziselwa ukutholwa nokunqunywa kukaManganese njengo-ejenti oxidizing.
• Umenzeli we-Bleaching: esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezindwangu kanye nemboni yensipho.
• Ukuthwebula izithombe: Kusetshenziswe njenge-reducer kanye retarder.
• Imboni yebhethri: Isebenza njenge-depelarizer.
• I-Polymerization Iniator: Isetshenziswa ku-emulsion polymerization ye-vinyl acetate, i-acrylates, namanye amamomomende. Kubiza kakhulu futhi kukhiqize ama-emulsions amelana amanzi.
• Umenzeli welapha: Kusetshenziswe ekwelashweni kwama-urea-formaldehydehehyde desins, enikeza isilinganiso esifanele kunazo zonke.
• Isengezo esinamathela: Ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yokunamathela kwezikhangiso zesitashi ngokuphendula ngamaprotheni. Umthamo onconyiwe: 0.2% -0.4% wokuqukethwe kwesitashi.
• Ukwelashwa komhlaba: Izenzo njenge-ejenti yokwelashwa yensimbi, ikakhulukazi indawo yethusi.
• Imboni yamakhemikhali: esetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwama-PerSulfates kanye ne-hydrogen peroxide.
• Imboni kaPetroleum: isetshenziswa ekukhishweni kwamafutha kanye nokuphupha kwe-hydraulic.
• Imboni yokudla: Imisebenzi njenge-Wheat Faverover kanye ne-inhibitor yokubumba yemvubelo kabhiya.

3. Izingozi
• Ukuhlukaniswa KAKHULU: I-CLASS 5.1 oxidizing Solids
• Izingozi Zempilo:
• Kudala ukucasuka nokugqwala esikhunjeni kanye nolwelwesi lwama-mucous.
• Ukuphefumula kungadala i-bherititis, i-laryngotis, ukufushane komoya, nokukhwehlela.
• Ukuxhumana namehlo nesikhumba kungaholela ekucasukeni okukhulu, izinhlungu nokushiswa.
• Ukungenisa kungaholela ebuhlungwini besisu, isicanucanu, kanye nokuhlanza.
Ukuvezwa kwesikhumba okuhlala isikhathi eside kungadala i-alrmatitis ye-alrmatitis.
• I-Fire ne-Explion HAZARAOR: isekela ukuhlanganiswa futhi kungadala ukushiswa nokucasuka lapho uthintana khona.
• Ukuqina: izinzile ezizinzile ezixazululweni eziphansi zamanzi eziphansi kodwa zidinga ukuphatha ngokucophelela nokugcinwa.

Ukugcinwa kanye nokuphatha izinyathelo zokuphepha:
• Gcina endaweni epholile, eyomile, kude nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile nomswakama.
• Gwema ukuxhumana nezinto ezivuthayo kanye nokunciphisa ama-ejenti.
• Gqoka imishini yokuvikela yomuntu siqu efanelekile (i-PPE) ngesikhathi sokuphatha.
• Hlola njalo amakhemikhali agcinwe ukuze aqinisekise ukuqina futhi avikele izingozi.

I-Ammonium Perselfate iyi-reagent ebalulekile yamakhemikhali emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, futhi ukuphatha kahle kanye nokuthola imali kusuka kubahlinzeki abadumile kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle.