I-Caustic Soda Imboni Yezimboni Yezithombe

Yini i-caustic soda?

I-Sodium Hydroxide, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-caustic soda kanye ne-caustic soda, inefomula yamakhemikhali naoh. Kuyisisekelo esinamandla kakhulu esinamandla, imvamisa ngesimo sama-flase amhlophe noma ama-granule. Ingahlanganiswa namanzi ukwakha ikhambi le-alkaline, futhi lingachithwa ne-methanol nase-ethanol. Le nto ye-alkaline is delousescent futhi izodonsa umphunga wamanzi emoyeni, kanye namagesi acidic anjenge-carbon dioxide. I-Sodium Hydroxide ingenye yamakhemikhali asetshenziswa kakhulu. Inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo futhi iyisidingo ezinqubweni eziningi zezimboni: Imvamisa isetshenziswa ekwenzeni iphepha le-Soni Pulp, izindwangu, insipho kanye nezinye izihlanzi, futhi isetshenziswa nasemikhiqizweni yokuhlanza ama-alkali yekhaya.

Kwenziwa kanjani i-caustic soda?

Indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yezimboni i-electrolysis, ehlukaniswe yi-:
◆ I-Electrocrocragm eye-electrolysis: Ngemuva kokululaza usawoti ovuthiwe, engeza i-soda ash, i-caustic soda, kanye nabacwebeli be-barium chloride ukususa ukungcola okufana ne-calcium, i-magnesium, kanye ne-sulfate ions. Ngemuva kwalokho engeza i-sodium polyacrylate noma i-bran ebekiwe ethangini lokucaciswa ukusheshisa imvula. Ngemuva kokuhlunga kwesihlabathi, engeza i-hydrochloric acid ukuze ungathathi hlangothi. I-brine iyakashaywa futhi futhi yathunyelwa ku-electrolysis. I-electrolyte iyashiswa kavuswa, ihanjiswa, inosawoti, futhi ipholile ukuthola i-ketshezi ye-caustic soda. Ukubilisa nokubilisa futhi kuzothola umkhiqizo oqinile we-caustic soda. Amanzi okugeza usawoti asetshenziselwa ukusathambisa. Ifomula yamakhemikhali: 2Nacl + 2h₂o [electrorlysis] → 26Aoh + Cl₂↑ + h₂↑
Indlela yokushintshana nge-membrane ye- ◆ Ion I-brine yokuqala ecwengekile ihlungiwe ngesihlungi se-microporous sekhabhoni, bese iphinda icwengeke nge-chelating ion exchange resin tower ukunciphisa ukunciphisa i-calcium ne-magnesium ku-brine kuya ngaphansi kwe-0.002%. I-brine yesibili ecwengekile ifakwe i-electrorine ukukhiqiza i-chlorine egumbini lama-anode. I-NA + E-Brine eShunga le-Anode ingena eChamber Chamber ngokusebenzisa i-Ion membrane futhi ikhiqiza i-sodium hydroxide nge-0h egumbini laseKathode. I-H + ikhishwe ngokuqondile eKathode ukukhiqiza i-hydrogen. Ngesikhathi senqubo ye-electrolcrorlis, inani elifanele le-hydrochloric acid eliphakeme lingezwe egumbini lama-anode ukuze lihlukanise i-oh- okubuyiselwe, futhi amanzi ahlanzekile adingekayo kufanele angezwe egumbini laseKathode. Ukuqoqwa kwe-caustic soustic soda ekhiqizwe eChamper Chamber kungama-30% kuya ku-32% (isisindo), esingasetshenziswa ngokuqondile ukuze sithole umkhiqizo osuqediwe we-caustic soda. Ifomula yamakhemikhali: 2Nacl + 2h₂o → 2Nahoh + H₂↑ + Cl₂↑

Caustic soda upstream imikhiqizo

Usawoti ovuthiwe: Ngokuvamile kubhekiswa kusawoti wezimboni eluhlaza, okungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu eziluhlaza ze-caustic soda ne-soda ash. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo usawoti okuluhlaza kulandisa ngo-70% womkhiqizi ovuselelwa wonyaka wonyaka.

Imikhiqizo Ejwayelekile Yomgwaqo

1. U-Alumina: Ifomula yamakhemikhali i-Al2o3. Kulukhuni oluphakeme oluphezulu ngephuzu lokuncibilika lika-2054 ° C kanye nephuzu elibilayo lika-2980 ° C. Kuyi-ion crystal engaba yi-Ioned emazingeni okushisa aphezulu futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwe-polyaluminium chloride, i-aluminium sulfate, imibala yokupenda, imibala ependayo, ama-compuixtures, njll.
2 Ngokuvamile ihlukaniswe ngebhodi elilodwa elilonakalisiwe kanye nebhodi elihlangene kabili. Inezinzuzo zezindleko eziphansi, isisindo esikhanyayo, ukucubungula okulula, amandla aphezulu, ukuguquguquka okuhle kokuphrinta, kanye nokugcina okulula. I-Caustic Soda idlala indima ye-ejenti yokuba yi-auxiliar.
3. I-formic acid: i-formic acid ingenye yezinto eziyisisekelo zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali zamakhemikhali ezi-organic futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezinjengezibulala-zinambuzane, isikhumba, udayi, imithi kanye nerabha.

I-4. I-sodium yakha: Kukhiqizwa insizakalo ezisetshenziselwa ukusabela kwe-carbon monoxide kanye ne-sodium hydroxide ngo-150-170 ° C naku-2MPA. Eqinisweni, inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-sodium yakha iyingxenye yokukhiqizwa kwe-oxalic acid, kanye nokuhlushwa kwesixazululo se-sodium hydroxide esisetshenziselwa ukusabela kokumunca kungu-25% -30%.

5 , bese uthola i-zirconium Umkhiqizo we-Dichloride ngokusebenzisa ukuqondiswa kokuhwamuka, ukupholisa i-crystallization kanye nokuchotshozwa kwekristalu.