(1) Ulwazi oluyisisekelo umanyolo wamakhemikhali
Umanyolo wamakhemikhali: Umanyolo owenziwe ngezindlela zamakhemikhali kanye / noma zomzimba eziqukethe izakhamzimba eyodwa noma eziningana ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwezilimo. Ibizwa nangokuthi umanyolo we-inorganic, ifaka umanyolo we-nitrogen, umanyolo we-phosphate, umanyolo we-potassium, umanyolo we-micro, umanyolo ohlanganisiwe, njll. Abadli. Izici zamanyolo wamakhemikhali zifaka izithako ezilula, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezakhi zomzimba, umthelela womanyolo osheshayo, namandla aqinile wokufaka umquba. Amanye umanyolo anokuphendula nge-acid-base; Ngokuvamile azinawo udaba lwe-organic futhi azinamthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwenhlabathi kanye nokuvundiswa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zomanyolo wamakhemikhali, futhi izakhiwo zazo nezindlela zohlelo lokusebenza ziyahlukahluka kakhulu.
(2) Kungani kudingeka sazi ulwazi lomanyolo lapho sisebenzisa umanyolo wamakhemikhali?
Umanyolo ukudla kwezitshalo kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo zokukhiqizwa kwezolimo. Ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo komanyolo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono isivuno sezitshalo endaweni ngayinye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yezolimo, futhi ngokuthuthuka okuthuthukisa ukuzala kwenhlabathi. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zomanyolo zinezici ezihlukile, ezidinga ukuthi ziqonde izici eziyisisekelo zamanyolo ahlukahlukene lapho ufaka umanyolo ukuze umanyolo usetshenziswe ngokugcwele nangokufanele.
Siyazi ukuthi umanyolo wamakhemikhali unezici zokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezakhi zomzimba, umphumela osheshayo, kanye nezakhi ezizodwa. Isibonelo, i-ammonium bicarbonate iqukethe ama-nitrogen ayi-17%, aphakeme ama-20 aphezulu kunokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kumchamo womuntu. I-Ammonium Nitrate iqukethe ama-nitrogen ayi-34% ahlanzekile, ngenkathi urea, i-nitrogen ewuketshezi, njll. Iqukethe okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen. Ngasikhathi sinye, umanyolo wamakhemikhali angahlukaniswa abe esebenza ngokusheshisa futhi ebambe kancane kancane, kanye nezindlela zokusebenzisa kanye nezikhathi zohlelo lokusebenza nazo ziyahlukahluka ngokufanele.
(3) Ukuhlukaniswa ngokusho kokusebenza kahle komanyolo
(1) Umanyolo osebenza ngokushesha
Ngemuva kwalolu hlobo nomanyolo wamakhemikhali usetshenziselwa inhlabathi, ichithwa ngokushesha esikhaleni senhlabathi futhi yadonswa yizilimo, futhi umphumela ushesha kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziningi zomanyolo we-nitrogen, njenge-calcium phosphate kumanyolo we-phosphate kanye ne-potassium pulfate ne-potassium chloride kumanyolo we-potassium, wonke umanyolo wamakhemikhali osebenza ngokushesha. Umanyolo wamakhemikhali osebenza ngokushesha ngokuvamile asetshenziswa njengokugqoka okuphezulu futhi nawo angasetshenziswa njengamanyolo wesisekelo.
(2) Umanyolo wokukhishwa kancane
Waziwa nangokuthi umanyolo obamba isikhathi eside kanye nomanyolo wokukhipha kancane, amakhompiyutha noma izifundazwe zomzimba zalezi zinhlaka zomanyolo zingakhishwa kancane isikhathi sokuqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kwezitshalo. Okungukuthi, ngemuva kokuba le nkampani izakhi zisetshenziselwa inhlabathi, kunzima ukudonswa yisixazululo senhlabathi ngokushesha. Ukuchithwa kudinga isikhathi esifushane senguquko ngaphambi kokuthi kubonakale umphumela womanyolo, kepha umphumela womanyolo uhlala isikhathi eside. Ukukhishwa kwezakhamzimba ku-Umanyolo kunqunywa ngokuphelele ngezinto zemvelo futhi akulawulwa ngabantu. Phakathi kwazo, kufakwa i-ammonium bicarbonate ephethe isikhathi eside nge-ammonia spintizer ngohlelo lokukhiqiza ama-ammonia e-ammonium, olunweba izinsuku ezingama-30-45 eziya ezinsukwini ezingama-30-45 kuye kwezinsuku ezingama-90-110, futhi kwandisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen kusuka ku-35% kuya ku-35% kuya ku-35%. Umanyolo wokukhipha kancane uvame ukusetshenziswa njengamanyolo wesisekelo.
(3) Umanyolo wokukhishwa olawulwayo
Umanyolo wokukhishwa olawulwayo ufaka umanyolo obambe kancane, okusho ukuthi isilinganiso sokukhishwa kwezakhi zomsoco, inani nesikhathi somanyolo senzelwe ngokwezimpawu. Kunguhlobo lomanyolo okhethekile onamandla okukhishwa okunikezwayo okulawulwa ukufanisa izidingo zezakhi zesitshalo ngesikhathi sokukhula. . Isibonelo, izinsuku ezingama-50 zemifino, izinsuku eziyi-100 zelayisi, izinsuku ezingama-300 zamabhanana, njll. Izakhi ezidingekayo esigabeni ngasinye sokukhula (Isiteji sokutshala, isigaba sokukhula, isigaba sokuvuthwa) sihlukile. Izici ezilawulwa ukukhishwa kwezakhi zomsoco zivame ukuthi zithintwe umswakama wenhlabathi, izinga lokushisa, i-pH, njll. Indlela elula yokulawula ukukhishwa yindlela yokukhululeka. Izinto ezihlukile ze-coation, ubukhulu bokuhlanganisa kanye nesilinganiso sokuvula ifilimu kungakhethwa ukulawula isilinganiso sokukhishwa.
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-06-2024
