Ukuqoqwa kolwazi oluthile oluyisisekelo ekuhwebeni kwangaphandle embonini yamakhemikhali 1

Ukuhwebelana kwamakhemikhali kwangaphandle kubhekisele ekuhwebeni kwamakhemikhali. Amakhemikhali afaka imikhiqizo eminingi ehlukene efana namapulasitiki, irabha, amakhemikhali, ama-reagents, amadayi, njll. Zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ehlukahlukene njengezimoto, izinto zasendlini, imishini yezokwelapha, izinto zokwakha, njll.

Izinto zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ziyizinto ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni. Izimo zabo eziphambili zesicelo zifaka phakathi izici ezilandelayo:

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2. Imboni ye-petrochemical: Imboni ye-petrochemical iyinkambu yohlelo lokusebenza ebalulekile yezinto zokwakha amakhemikhali. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-petrochemical, efana ne-petroleum ether, i-petroleum resin, i-wax kaphethiloli, njll.

I-3. Imboni ye-metlurgical: Izinsizakusebenza zamakhemikhali zisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini ye-metallurgical, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-ejenti we-flotanity amaminerali, ama-ejenti wokuphelelwa amandla amaminerali, ama-ejenti wensimbi engaphezulu komhlaba, abenzelwa ukwelashwa kwensimbi, njll.

4. Insimu Yezolimo: Izinto zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali zibuye zibe nezicelo ezibalulekile emkhakheni wezolimo. Zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwenza umanyolo, ama-pesticides, ama-herbicides, ama-fungicides, njll., Ukunikeza ukusekelwa okuqinile kokukhiqizwa kwezolimo.

I-5. Izidingo zansuku zonke: Izinto zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenziweni kwezidingo zansuku zonke, njengokuhlanza, amakha, izimonyo, izindebe, njll.

Ukufingqa, izinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza zezinto zokwenziwa kwamakhemikhali zibanzi kakhulu, zibandakanya izimboni eziningi nezinkambu, futhi zinikeze ukusekelwa okubalulekile kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwanamuhla kanye nokuphila kwansuku zonke.

Ukuhwebelana kwamakhemikhali kwangaphandle kuyimboni yomhlaba wonke, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuqonda ngokugcwele imithetho nemigomo yamazwe ahlukene, kanye nezimo zemakethe. Amakhono okuhweba anekhono afana nocwaningo lwemakethe, amakhono okuthengisa, amakhono okuxoxisana, kanye nokuphathwa kwamalungiselelo nakho kuyadingeka.

Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuhweba kwangaphandle kwamakhemikhali nakho kubhekana nezinselelo eziningi, njengokuncintisana okuqinile komhlaba wonke kanye namazinga aqinile ezemvelo nokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, ulwazi lobuchwepheshe kanye nesipiliyoni kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumelela kulo mkhakha.

Yiziphi izigaba eziphambili noma izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yezinto ezibonakalayo eluhlaza?

Izinto zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali zibhekisela ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza amakhemikhali, amapulasitiki, irabha kanye neminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo yezinto ezibonakalayo eluhlaza, engahlukaniswa izigaba ezilandelayo ngokuya ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlukaniswa:

1. Amakhemikhali ayisisekelo

2. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-polymer: kufaka phakathi amapulasitiki, irabha, i-celsulose, zokwenziwa, izicucu zokwenziwa, njll.

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4. Izithasiselo zamakhemikhali: kufaka phakathi ama-catalysts, izinkundla, ukugcinwa, amapulasitiki, ama-lufinis, njll

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I-6. Amakhemikhali amahle: kufaka phakathi amakhemikhali amakhambi, izinongo, i-waymediatees yedayi, njll.