Impikiswano yokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle ama-reagents we-flotation kuyinto inkinga yokuthi unganquma kanjani kahle uhlelo lweMedideka ngaphambi kokufakelwa. Uhlelo lweMedicament lubhekisela kuhlobo lwe-reagents olungezwe ngesikhathi senqubo ye-flotation, inani le-reagents, indlela yokwengeza, indawo ye-dosing, i-oda le-dosing, njll. Uhlelo lweReagent lwesitshalo se-flotation luhlobene nemvelo ye I-ore, inqubo yokugeleza, imikhiqizo emibili yokusebenza kwamaminerali edinga ukutholakala, nezinye izinto. okuhlobene. Imvamisa kunqunywa ngokuhlolwa kokuzikhethela kwama-ores noma ukuhlolwa kwezimboni. Uhlelo lwezemithi luyinto ebalulekile ethinta izinkomba zobuchwepheshe nezomnotho zokucubungula amaminerali.
1 Imvamisa kunqunywa ngokuhlolwa kokuzikhethela kwama-ores noma ukuhlolwa kwezimboni. Izinhlobo zezemithi zihlukaniswe ngokwemisebenzi yazo futhi zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu. ● Umenzeli we-Foaming: Ingaphezulu le-Organic elingaphezulu lisatshalaliswa esibonakalayo somoya wamanzi. Kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ungqimba lwegwebu olungakwazi ukuntanta amaminerali. Ama-Foaming Agents afaka uwoyela wephayini, uwoyela we-cresol, utshwala, njll; ● Ukuqoqa i-ejenti: Umsebenzi wayo ukuqoqa amaminerali ahlosiwe. Umenzeli wokuqoqa angashintsha i-hydrophobicity yendawo yamaminerali. Yenza izinhlayiya zamaminerali ezintantayo zinamathele kuma-bubble. Ngokusho kwezindawo zesenzo ze-ejenti, ihlukaniswe yaba abaqoqi abangewona ama-polar, abaqoqi be-anionic kanye nabaqoqi be-cationic. Abaqoqi abavame ukusetshenziswa bafaka umuthi omnyama, i-xanthate, umuthi omhlophe, ama-fatty acid, amafutha, amafutha amaminerali, njll.; ● Ukulungiswa: Ama-akhethi afaka izicubu ze-activiators kanye nama-inhibitors, aguqula izakhiwo zangaphandle kwezinhlayiya zamaminerali futhi zithinte amaminerali nabaqoqi. Ama-aguqukayo asetshenziselwa futhi ukushintsha izakhiwo zamakhemikhali noma ze-electrochemical zemidiya enamanzi, ngokwesibonelo, eshintsha inani le-PH kanye nesimo somqokeleli kuwo. Ama-aguqukayo afaka: ①. pH adjuster: lime, i-sodium carbonate, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide; ②. Isishosholo: I-Thupper Sulfate, i-sodium sulfide; ③. I-Inhibitor: I-Lime, usawoti wegazi ophuzi, i-sodium sulfide,
I-Sulfur dioxide, i-sodium cyanide, i-zinc sulfate, i-potassium dichromate, ingilazi yamanzi, i-tannin, i-soluble colloid, isitashi, ama-polymers wokwenziwa, njll. ④. Abanye: Ama-Wetting Agents, Ajenti Ontantayo, ama-solubililizer, njll.
2. Imithamo yama-reagents: umthamo wama-reagents kufanele ube nje ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Umthamo onganele noma owengeziwe uzothinta inkomba yokucubungula amaminerali, futhi umthamo owedlulele uzokwandisa izindleko zokucubungula amaminerali. Ubudlelwano phakathi komthamo wamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene kanye nezinkomba ze-flotation yilezi: ①. Umthamo onganele weqoqo kanye ne-hydrophophobicity enganele yamaminerali azonciphisa izinga lokutakula. Umthamo owedlulele uzonciphisa ikhwalithi yokugxila okugxile futhi ulethe ubunzima ngokwahlukana nokufakelwa; ②. Imithamo enganele yomenzeli we-Foaming izoholela ekuqineni kwe-foam empofu. Uma umthamo mkhulu kakhulu, "i-groove egijima" izokwenzeka; ③. Uma umthamo we-activator umncane kakhulu, ukusebenza kusebenze ngeke kube kuhle. Uma umthamo mkhulu kakhulu, ukukhethwa kwenqubo ye-flotation kuzobhujiswa; ④. Imithamo enganele yama-inhibitors izoholela ebangeni eliphansi lokugxila. Umthamo owedlulele uzovimba amaminerali okufanele aphume futhi anciphise izinga lokutakula.
3 Ama-ejenti ane-solubility amanzi ampofu, njenge-Xanthate, i-amylanine, i-sodium silicate, i-sodium carbonate, i-sulfate yethusi, i-sulfide, njll. " Ama-ejenti angenakufakwa emanzini kufanele achithwe ku-solvent kuqala, bese engezwa esikhaleni esinamanzi, njengabaqoqi be-anine. Ezinye zingezwa ngqo, njenge # 2 kawoyela, # 31 I-Black Powder, i-Oleic acid, njll. Okwenziwa ngemithi ancibilika kalula emanzini futhi inomthamo omkhulu, ukugxilwa kokulungiswa ngokuvamile kuya ku-20%. Isibonelo, i-sodium sulfide ilungiselelwe ngo-15% lapho isetshenziswa. Okwenziwa ngemithi ancibilike kabi emanzini, izixazululo ze-organic zingasetshenziswa ukuzichitha bese zilungele izixazululo zokuhlushwa okuphansi. Ukukhetha kwendlela yokulungiselela amakhemiye kususelwa ikakhulu kwizakhiwo, izindlela zokungeza nemisebenzi yezemithi. Umuthi ofanayo unomehluko omkhulu emthanjeni kanye nomphumela ngenxa yezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokulungiselela. Ngokuvamile, izindlela zokulungiselela yilezi: 1. Kulungiselelwe ku-2% kuya ku-10% khambi elinamanzi. Iningi lemithi engenazona lamanzi lilungiselelwe ngale ndlela (njengomuthi ophuzi, i-sulfate yethusi, i-silium silicate, njll.); ②. Lungiselela ngama-solvents. Eminye imishanguzo yokungena emanzini amanzi ingachithwa kuma-solvents akhethekile. Isibonelo, uBaiyao uyangena emanzini, kepha incane ku-10% ku-20% isixazululo se-aniline ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi ilungiselelwe isixazululo esixubile se-aniline; Esinye isibonelo ukuthi umuthi omnyama we-aniline uwukuphazamiseka emanzini, kepha ungachithwa kwikhambi le-alkaline le-sodium hydroxide, ngakho-ke lapho usebenzisa umuthi omnyama we-aniline, kufanele uqale ulungiselele i-sodium hydroxide. Solution alkaline, bese wengeza i-ejenti ukulungiselela isisombululo esimnyama se-aniline futhi sengeze ku-ejenti ye-flotation; ③. Zilungiselele ukumiswa noma i-emulsion. Kwamanye ama-ejenti aqinile awona kalula, angalungiswa emugqeni. Uma i-solubity ye-lime emanzini incane kakhulu, i-lime ingaba yinto ibe yimpuphu futhi ixutshwe namanzi ukwakha ukumiswa kwe-milky (noma kungangezwa ngqo egangeni we-powder eyomile; ④. Ukusizakala, ngokuthwebula amafutha acid njengomqoqi, ukuSaponication kuyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu. Isibonelo, lapho ukhetha i-hematite, insipho yepharafini ehlanganisiwe kanye namafutha e-tarr asetshenziswa ndawonye njengoqoqo. Ukuze uSapolify tarworidwor, lapho ulungiselela imithi, engeza cishe i-10% i-sodium carbonate bese uyishisa ukuze wenze ikhambi elishisayo lensipho; ⑤. I-Emulsation. Indlela ye-emulsassication ukusebenzisa i-emulsation ye-ultrasonic, noma usebenzise ukushukumisa okuqinile kwemishini ukuze u-emulffy. Isibonelo, ngemuva kokukhuthaza ama-fatty acid kanye namafutha adizili, ukuhlakazeka kwawo ku-slurry kungandiswa futhi umphumela we-ejenti ungathuthukiswa. Ukungeza amanye ama-emulsiferi azoba nemiphumela engcono. Izinto eziningi ezivulwe phansi ezingaphezulu zingasetshenziswa njengama-emulsifiers; ⑥. Acidization. Lapho usebenzisa umqoqi we-cation, ngenxa ye-solubility yayo empofu, kufanele iphathwe ngaphambili nge-hydrochloric acid noma i-acetic acid ngaphambi kokuthi ichithwe emanzini futhi isetshenziselwa ukugcwala. ; ⑦. Indlela ye-Aerosol yindlela entsha yokulungiselela ethuthukisa umphumela wezemithi. Umnyombo wayo ukusebenzisa idivaysi ekhethekile yokufafaza ukuze uvimbele amakhamithi emikhakheni ephakathi nendawo futhi uyingeze ngqo ethangini le-flotation. Ngaphakathi, ngakho-ke ibizwa nangokuthi "Indlela ye-Aerosol Flotation". Ukusebenzisa le ndlela akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukunyanya kwamaminerali awusizo, kepha futhi kunciphisa kakhulu umthamo wamakhemikhali. Isibonelo, umqoqi uneminyaka eyi-1/3 kuya ku-1/4 yomthamo ojwayelekile, futhi umthamo ogqamile ungo-1/5 kuphela; ⑧. Ukwelashwa kwe-electrochemical kwama-reagents. Kwikhambi, kusetshenziswa amanje kusetshenziswa kumakhemikhali aphathe ngamakhemikhali ama-reagents we-flotation. Kungashintsha isimo se-ejenti uqobo, inani le-PH lesakhandlela se-redox, ngaleyo ndlela sizuze inhloso yokwandisa ukugcwaliswa kwengxenye ye-ejenti esebenza kakhulu, nokwenza ngcono ukuhlukahluka yabantu abasebenza kabi ngamanzi. . Imvamisa abaqoqi kanye nama-ejenti amagwebu angavuselelwa imizuzu engu-1-2, kepha amanye ama-ejenti adinga ukushukumisa isikhathi eside, njenge-potassium dicchromate yokuhlukaniswa kwethusi okuholela ethubeni lokuhola.
4. I-DOSIING Indawo ukuze unikeze ukudlala okugcwele komphumela we-Flotation reagents, indlela ejwayelekile yokuthola indawo ye-dosing yilena: abalawuli, ama-inhibitors kanye nabanye abaqoqi (njengamakanali) bangezwe kwimvelo yebhola ukudala imvelo yebhola ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. . Umqoqi kanye ne-frother angezwa ethangini lokuqala elivusa amafloti. Uma ukusebenza kwe-flotation kunemigqomo emibili yokuxuba, i-activator kufanele ingezwe emgqonyeni wokuqala wokuxuba, futhi umqoqi kanye ne-frother kufanele ingezwe kumgqomo wesibili wokuxuba. Ngokuya ngeqhaza le-ejenti emshinini we-flotation, indawo yokungezwa nayo ihlukile. Isibonelo, kunamakhemikhali amathathu: i-sulfate yethusi, i-xanthate, no-peine alcohol oyela. Ukulandelana kwe-General Dosing ukwengeza i-Thupper Sulfate enkabeni yethangi lokuqala elivuselelayo, i-xanthate enkabeni yethangi lesibili elishukumisayo, kanye no-peine alcohol oyela enkabeni yethangi lesibili lokuvuselela ithangi. Phuma. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, izitshalo ze-flotation kuqala engeza i-PH adjuster ukuze uguqule i-slurry nenani elifanelekile le-PH ukuze usebenze kangcono imiphumela yabaqoqi kanye nama-inhibitors. Lapho ungeza amakhemikhali, qaphela ukuthi amanye ama-ion alimazayo angadala ukuthi umuthi wehluleke. Isibonelo, ukusabela phakathi kwe-Copper Ion nama-Ions e-Hydride kuzokwenza ukuthi i-hydride ihluleke. Ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kweCopper-Sulfur, uma kuvela ama-copper eons amaningi ethangini elivusa ama-tank, ungangezi i-cyanide kuthangi elivusa ama-tank, kepha ungeze ngqo ekuweni kokuhlukana. Ukukhetha umsebenzi.
5 Ukugcwala kwamaminerali okuvinjelwe: activator, acterm, umenzeli we-fooming.
I-6. Kunezindlela ezimbili ze-dosing: ukwengeza okuphakathi nendawo nokungezelelwa okuhlakazeka. Umgomo jikelele uthi: Kwabase-ejenti abancibilikisa kalula emanzini, kunzima ukususwa yi-foam, futhi kunzima ukuphelelwa yisikhathi, bangangezwa ndawonye, okungukuthi, wonke ama-ejenti angangezwa ngasikhathi sinye ngaphambi kokukhethwa okunzima. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lawo ma-ejenti athathwa kalula yi-foam futhi anikezwa kalula engaphumeleli ngokuxhumana ngodaka oluhle nosawoti obuthabile kufanele angezwe ezigabeni. Ama-aguqukayo, ama-inhibitors kanye nabanye abaqoqi (njengamakadene) angezwe ku-ball mill, futhi abaqoqi kanye nama-ejenti angezwe kakhulu emgqonyeni wokuqala wokuxuba we-flotation. Uma kunemigqomo emibili yokuxuba ekusebenzeni kwe-flotation, kufanele ingezwe emgqonyeni wesithathu wokuxuba. Ngeza i-activator emgqonyeni owodwa wokuxuba, bese wengeza umqoqi kanye ne-ejenti ye-foaming emgqonyeni wesibili wokuxuba (njengokusebenza kwe-zinc flotation).
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-28-2024
