Imayini ye-lead-zinc, ungayikhetha kanjani?

Imayini ye-lead-zinc, ungayikhetha kanjani?

Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi zamaminerali, i-lead-zinc ore iyinsimbi enzima uma kuqhathaniswa ukuyikhetha.Ngokuvamile, i-lead-zinc ore inama-ore ampofu kakhulu kune-ore ecebile futhi izingxenye ezihambisana nazo ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, indlela yokuhlukanisa kahle umthofu kanye ne-zinc ore nakho kuyindaba ebalulekile embonini yokucubungula izimbiwa.Njengamanje, amaminerali okuhola kanye ne-zinc atholakalayo ukuze asetshenziswe ezimbonini ikakhulukazi i-galena ne-sphalerite, futhi ahlanganisa i-smithsonite, i-cerussite, njll. Ngokwezinga le-oxidation, amaminerali e-lead-zinc angahlukaniswa abe i-lead-zinc sulfide ore, i-lead- i-zinc oxide ore, kanye ne-lead-zinc ore exubile.Ngezansi sizohlaziya ngokuqondile inqubo yokuhlukanisa i-lead-zinc ore ngokusekelwe ku-oxidation degree ye-lead-zinc ore.

Inqubo yokuhlukanisa i-lead-zinc sulfide ore
Phakathi kwe-lead-zinc sulfide ore ne-lead-zinc oxide ore, i-lead-zinc sulfide ore kulula ukuyihlukanisa.I-lead-zinc sulfide ore ngokuvamile iqukethe i-galena, i-sphalerite, i-pyrite, ne-chalcopyrite.Amaminerali e-ganggue ayinhloko ahlanganisa i-calcite, i-quartz, i-dolomite, i-mica, i-chlorite, njll. Ngakho-ke, ngokusho kobudlelwane obushunyekiwe bamaminerali awusizo afana nomthofu ne-zinc, isiteji sokugaya singakhetha cishe inqubo yokugaya yesiteji esisodwa noma inqubo yokugaya yezigaba eziningi. .

Inqubo yokugaya yesigaba esisodwa ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukucubungula i-lead-zinc sulfide ores enobukhulu bokusanhlamvu obuqinile noma ubudlelwano obulula be-symbiotic;

Inqubo yokugaya yezigaba eziningi icubungula i-lead-zinc sulfide ores enobudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi bokuhlangana noma osayizi bezinhlayiyana abacoleke kakhulu.

Ngama-lead-zinc sulfide ores, ukugaya kabusha i-tailings noma ukugxilisa kabusha okugxilile kuvame ukusetshenziswa, futhi inqubo yokugaya insimbi emaphakathi ayivamisile ukusetshenziswa.Esigabeni sokuhlukanisa, i-lead-zinc sulfide ore ivame ukusebenzisa inqubo yokuntanta.Izinqubo ezisetshenziswa njengamanje zokuntanta zihlanganisa: inqubo yokuntanta okubalulekile, inqubo yokuntanta okuxubile, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusekelwe kunqubo evamile yokuntanta okuqondile, izinqubo ezilinganayo zokuntanta, izinqubo zokuhlukanisa ezimahhadla nezihle, izinqubo zokugeleza kochungechunge lwamagatsha, njll. ezikhethwa ngokuyinhloko ngokusekelwe kosayizi bazo bezinhlayiyana ezihlukene kanye nobudlelwano obushumekiwe.

Phakathi kwazo, inqubo ye-flotation elinganayo inezinzuzo ezithile enqubweni ye-flotation ye-lead-zinc ore ngoba ihlanganisa inqubo yokuntanta kwama-ore okunzima ukuwahlukanisa kanye nama-ores ahlukaniseke kalula futhi idla amakhemikhali amancane, ikakhulukazi uma kulula. -ukuhlukanisa amatshe ensimbi.Uma kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaminerali okuhola kanye ne-zinc antantayo futhi okunzima ukuntanta, inqubo yokuntanta iyisinqumo esifaneleka kakhudlwana.

Inqubo yokuhlukanisa i-zinc oxide ore eholayo
Isizathu sokuthi kungani i-lead-zinc oxide ore kunzima kakhulu ukuyikhetha kune-lead-zinc sulfide ore ngokuyinhloko kungenxa yezingxenye zayo zempahla eziyinkimbinkimbi, izingxenye ezihambisanayo ezingaqinile, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezishunyekiwe, kanye nokuntanta okufanayo kwamaminerali okuhola i-zinc oxide namaminerali e-ganggue. kanye ne-mineral slime., okubangelwa imiphumela emibi yosawoti oncibilikayo.

Phakathi kwama-lead-zinc oxide ores, lawo anenani lezimboni ahlanganisa i-cerusite (PbCO3), i-lead vitriol (PbSO4), i-smithsonite (ZnCO3), i-hemimorphite (Zn4(H2O)[Si2O7](OH)2), njll. Phakathi kwabo, i-cerusite , i-lead vitriol ne-molybdenum lead ore kulula ukuyikhipha i-sulfide.Ama-sulfide agents afana ne-sodium sulfide, i-calcium sulfide ne-sodium hydrosulfide angasetshenziswa ekwelapheni kwe-sulfurization.Kodwa-ke, i-lead vitriol idinga isikhathi eside sokuxhumana phakathi nenqubo ye-vulcanization.I-ejenti ye-vulcanizing Umthamo nawo mkhulu uma kuqhathaniswa.Kodwa-ke, i-arsenite, i-chromite, i-chromite, njll.Inani elikhulu lamaminerali awusizo lizolahleka phakathi nenqubo yokuhlukanisa.Ku-lead-zinc oxide ores, inqubo ye-flotation ehamba phambili ngokuvamile ikhethwa njengenqubo eyinhloko yokuhlukanisa, futhi imisebenzi ye-desliming yenziwa ngaphambi kokuntanta ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinkomba ze-flotation kanye nomthamo wamakhemikhali.Mayelana nokukhethwa kwe-ejenti, i-xanthate ye-long-chain ingumqoqi ovamile futhi ophumelelayo.Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlola ehlukene, ingabuye ishintshwe nge-Zhongoctyl xanthate noma No. 25 umuthi omnyama.Iziqoqi ze-acid enamafutha njenge-oleic acid kanye nensipho kapharafini ene-oxidized azikwazi ukukhetha kahle futhi zifaneleka kuphela ezinsimbi zokuhola ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinama-silicates njenge-ganggue eyinhloko.