Izinqubo ezivame ukusetshenziswa ze-flotation flotation zokucubungula ama-lead-zinc sulfide ama-anes zihlanganisa ukugcwala okubaluleke kakhulu, ukugcwala okuxubile kanye ne-flotation elinganayo.
Akunandaba noma iyiphi inqubo esetshenziswayo, uzohlangabezana nezinkinga zokuhlukaniswa kwe-lead-zinc kanye nokwehlukaniswa kwe-zinc-sulfur. Isihluthulelo sokwehlukanisa ukukhethwa okunengqondo futhi okuphansi kwabalawuli.
Njengoba ukugcotshwa kweGalena iningi leGalena kungcono kunalokho kwe-sphalerite, zonke izindlela zokucindezela i-zinc kanye nokuhola ezintanta zivame ukusetshenziswa. Izixazululo zemithi zokuvimbela i-zinc zifaka indlela ye-cyanide kanye nendlela engenamahhala. Ngendlela ye-Cyanide, iZinc Sulfate ivame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa ne-Cyanide ukuthuthukisa umphumela wokuvinjwa. Isibonelo, isitshalo esithile sokucubungula sisebenzisa i-sodium cyanide ne-zinc sulfate ngokuhlanganiswa ukunciphisa umthamo we-cyanide kuya ku-20 ~ 30g / t, abanye baye banciphisa ku-3 ~ 5g / t. Ukuzijwayeza kufakazele ukuthi akugcini nje ngokunciphisa umthamo, kepha futhi kwandisa izinga lokuthola kabusha.
Ukuze uvikele ukungcoliswa kwe-cyanide emvelweni, izindlela ezingenama-cyanide noma ze-cyanide-ngaphansi njengamanje zithuthukiswa ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Izindlela ezilandelwayo ezilandelwayo ze-Cyanide zivame ukusetshenziswa embonini yokuhlukanisa eholayo neZinc:
1. Ukuhola okuntantayo kuvimbela i-zinc
(1) I-Zinc sulfate + sodium carbonate (noma i-sodium sulfide noma i-lime);
Imayini ethile ye-lead-zinc-sulfur yamukela inqubo yokukhetha flotation. I-ZNSO4 + NA2CO3 (1.4: 1) yayisetshenziselwa ukucindezela i-sphalerite lapho kuholelwa intanta. Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela ye-Cyanide, ibanga lokugxila lokuqondisa lenyuke lisuka ku-39.12% laya ku-41.80%, futhi izinga lokubuyisa lisuka ku-75.59 grade, i-Zinc grance grade, i-Zinc grancecrate grade, kanye ne Izinga lokutakula lenyuka lisuka ku-88.54% libe ngu-90.03%.
(2) I-Zinc Sulfate + Sulfite;
(3) I-Zinc Sulfate + Thiosulfate;
(4) Sodium hydroxide (PH = 9.5, eqoqwe nge-black powder);
(5) Sebenzisa i-zinc sulfate yodwa ukuvimbela i-zinc;
(6) Sebenzisa igesi ye-SO2 ukucindezela i-zinc.
2. I-zinc igqugquzela ukuhola
(1) Lime;
(2) ingilazi yamanzi;
(3) Ingilazi Yamanzi + i-sodium sulfide.
Izindlela ezintathu ezingenhla zisetshenziswa lapho iGalena inamanyala futhi ukufuya kwalo kuba mpofu.
Ngomthole ontantayo, umuthi omnyama kanye ne-xanthate uvame ukusetshenziswa njengabaqoqi, noma i-ethyl sulfide yodwa ngokukhetha okuhle kusetshenziswa njengomqoqi. Ezinye izitshalo zokucubungula zakwamanye amazwe nazo zihlanganisa i-sulfosuccinic acid (A-22) nge-xanthate.
Njengoba uLime unomphumela ovimbela inhibitory eGalena, lapho kune-Pyrite encane ku-ore, inzuzo ngokwengeziwe ukusebenzisa i-sodium carbonate njenge-pH adjuster lokuhola okuntantayo. Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-Pyrite ku-Ore eluhlaza kuphezulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-lime njenge-pH adjuster. Ngoba i-lime ingavimba i-pyrite ehlobene, kuyazuzisa ukuhola okuntantayo.
Ukuvusa ukuvusa i-sphalerite usebenzisa i-zethusi sulfate. Ukuze ugweme i-sulfate yethusi kanye ne-xanthate ukwakha ngqo i-xanthate yethusi ngesikhathi senqubo yokuxuba okuthambile futhi kunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-ejenti, i-sulfate yethusi ngokuvamile yengezwa kuqala, bese i-xanthate ingezwa ngemuva kokuvusa imizuzu emi-3 kuya kwemi-5.
Lapho kunezingxenye ezimbili ezilula ukuntanta nalezo ezinzima ukuzintanta e-sphalerite, ukuze zisindise amakhemikhali futhi zithuthukise inkomba yokwehlukanisa ne-zinc.
3.Methodi for Zinc kanye Sulfur Uhlukanise
(1) I-zinc entantayo icindezela isibabule
1. Indlela ye-Lime
Le yindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokucindezelwa sulfur. Le ndlela ingasetshenziswa ukucubungula i-URAW ORE kanye ne-zinc-sulfur ehlukile yokugxilisa okuhlanganisiwe. Lapho usebenzisa le ndlela, sebenzisa lime ukuze ulungise i-PH, imvamisa ngenhla kwe-11, ukuze i-pyrite icindezelwe. Le ndlela ilula, futhi amakhemikhali asetshenzisiwe yi-lime, eshibhile futhi okulula ukuyithola. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-lime kungadala kalula ukukala imishini yokufakelwa, ikakhulukazi amapayipi, futhi i-sulfur prentratelarte akulula ukuyihlunga, okuholela ekuqukethwe okuphezulu komswakama.
Indlela yokuhlanza
Kwabanye ama-Pyytes anomsebenzi ophakeme we-planktonic, ukucindezela nge-lime kuvame ukungaphumeleli. Lapho ama-slurry efudumele, ama-oxidation degree angaphezulu kwe-oxidation we-sphalerite ne-pyrite ahlukile. Ngemuva kokuthi i-zinc-sulfur exubile exutshwe ifudunyezwa, i-aepated futhi ivuthiwe, ukufumuza kwe-pyrite kuyancipha, kuyilapho ukugcotshwa kwe-sphalerite kusale.
Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-zinc nesibabule ingahlukaniswa ngokushisa okuvuthayo kokuhlukaniswa kwama-zinc-sulfur ahlanganisiwe okugxila. Ukushisa kwama-coarse okuhlukanisayo kungu-42 ~ 43 ° C, kanye nokuhlukaniswa okuhle ngaphandle kokushisa noma ukungeza noma yimaphi amakhemikhali angahlukanisa i-zinc nesibabule. Inkomba etholakele iphakeme kungu-6.2% ophakeme kune-zinc grancectere ekhiqizwe indlela ye-lime, futhi izinga lokutakula liphezulu ngo-4.8%.
3. I-Lime kanye nenani elincane le-cyanide
Lapho uLime kuphela angeke anciphise ngempumelelo i-Iron Sulfide, engeza inani elincane le-cyanide (ngokwesibonelo: I-NACN5G / T e-Hessan Processing Plant, i-NACN20G / T in uxiding sternation) ukwenza ngcono ukuhlukaniswa kwe-zinc-sulfur.
(2) Isibabule esintantayo sicindezela uZinc
I-Sulfur Dioxide + Indlela yokushisa kamusi Le ndlela isetshenzisiwe kwisitshalo sokucubungula amaminerali aseBrunswick eCanada. I-zinc grantrate etholwe yisitshalo iqukethe i-pyrite eningi. Ukuze uthuthukise ikhwalithi, i-slurry iphathwa nge-sulphur dioxide gesi bese ifudumeza ngomusi ukucindezela i-zinc kanye ne-float sulfur.
Indlela ethile ukwethula igesi ye-sulfur dioxide kusuka phansi kwethangi lokuqala elivusa amadlingozi futhi ulawule i-PH = 4.5 kuye ku-4.8. Faka umusi emathangini amabili okuvuselela amatafula wesibili nowesithathu bese ulishisa ku-77 kuye ku-82 ° C. Lapho u-pyrite evuthayo, i-pH yi-5.0 ~ 5.3, futhi i-xanthate isetshenziswa njengoqoqo. Imisila ye-flotation yi-zinc yokugcina egxile. Ngaphezu kwe-Pyrite, umkhiqizo we-foam uqukethe i-zinc. Ngemuva kokukhethwa, isetshenziswa njenge-ore ephakathi futhi ibuyele ku-ore ephakathi ngaphambili kwenqubo yokuthola kabusha. Ukulawulwa okunembile kwe-PH kanye lokushisa kuyisihluthulelo sale nqubo. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, umkhiqizo we-zinc greprate unyuke kusuka ku-50% kuya ku-51% zinc to 57% kuya ku-58%.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jun-24-2024
