Uyini Umehluko phakathi kweZinc neMagnesium?

Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwe-zinc ne-magnesium ukuthi i-zinc iyinsimbi ye-post-transition, kanti i-magnesium iyinsimbi yomhlaba ene-alkali.
I-Zinc ne-magnesium yizici zamakhemikhali zetafula le-periodic.Lezi zakhi zamakhemikhali zenzeka ikakhulukazi njengezinsimbi.Kodwa-ke, banezakhiwo ezahlukene zamakhemikhali nezomzimba ngenxa yokucushwa kwama-electron ahlukene.

Yini iZinc?

I-Zinc iyikhemikhali enenombolo ye-athomu engu-30 kanye nophawu lwamakhemikhali uZn.Lesi sakhi samakhemikhali sifana ne-magnesium uma sicabangela izici zayo zamakhemikhali.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zombili lezi zakhi zibonisa isimo se-+2 se-oxidation njengesimo esizinzile se-oxidation, nama-Mg+2 kanye ne-Zn+2 cations anosayizi ofanayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi yisici samakhemikhali sama-24 esitholakala ngobuningi obukhulu oqweqweni lomhlaba.

Isisindo se-athomu esijwayelekile se-zinc singu-65.38, futhi sibonakala njengesiliva-grey okuqinile.Iseqenjini le-12 kanye nenkathi yesi-4 yethebula le-periodic.Le elementi yamakhemikhali ingeye-d block yezakhi, futhi ingena ngaphansi kwesigaba sensimbi yangemva kwenguquko.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-zinc iqinile ekushiseni okujwayelekile nokucindezela.Inesakhiwo sekristalu esine-hexagonal evalekile.

I-Zinc metal iyinsimbi ye-diamagnetic futhi inokubukeka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe okucwebezelayo.Emazingeni okushisa amaningi, le nsimbi iqinile futhi iyashwabana.Nokho, iba buthakathaka, phakathi kuka-100 no-150 °C.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lena i-conductor efanelekile kagesi.Nokho, inamaphuzu aphansi ancibilika futhi abilayo uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinsimbi eziningi.

Uma kucatshangelwa ukwenzeka kwale nsimbi, uqweqwe lomhlaba lune-zinc engaba ngu-0.0075%.Lesi sakhi singasithola enhlabathini, emanzini olwandle, ethusi, nasezinsimbini zomthofu, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le elementi kungenzeka itholakale ihlanganiswe nesibabule.

Iyini iMagnesium?

I-Magnesium iyikhemikhali enenombolo ye-athomu engu-12 kanye nophawu lwamakhemikhali uMg.Lesi sakhi samakhemikhali senzeka njengesiqinile esimpunga-ecwebezelayo ezingeni lokushisa lasekamelweni.Iseqenjini lesi-2, inkathi yesi-3, kuthebula le-periodic.Ngakho-ke, singayiqamba njenge-elementi ye-s-block.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-magnesium iyinsimbi yomhlaba ene-alkali (izakhi zamakhemikhali zeqembu 2 zibizwa ngokuthi izinsimbi zomhlaba ezine-alkali).Ukucushwa kwe-electron yale nsimbi yi-[Ne]3s2.

I-Magnesium metal iyisakhi samakhemikhali esiningi endaweni yonke.Ngokwemvelo, le nsimbi yenzeka ihlangene nezinye izakhi zamakhemikhali.Ngaphandle kwalokho, isimo se-oxidation se-magnesium singu +2.Insimbi yamahhala iyasebenza kakhulu, kodwa singayikhiqiza njengento yokwenziwa.Ingasha, ikhiqize ukukhanya okukhanyayo kakhulu.Sikubiza ngokukhanya okumhlophe okukhazimulayo.Singathola i-magnesium nge-electrolysis of magnesium salts.Lawa masawoti e-magnesium angatholakala ku-brine.

I-Magnesium iyinsimbi engasindi, futhi inamanani aphansi kakhulu okuncibilika nokubilisa phakathi kwezinsimbi zomhlaba ezine-alkaline.Le nsimbi ibuye ibe brittle futhi iphuka kalula kanye namabhande okugunda.Uma ihlanganiswe ne-aluminium, ingxubevange iba i-ductile kakhulu.

Ukusabela phakathi kwe-magnesium namanzi akusheshi njenge-calcium nezinye izinsimbi zomhlaba ezine-alkaline.Lapho sicwilisa ucezu lwe-magnesium emanzini, singabona amabhamuza e-hydrogen ephuma endaweni yensimbi.Nokho, ukusabela kuyashesha ngamanzi ashisayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nsimbi ingasabela nge-acids exothermally, isb, i-hydrochloric acid (HCl).

Uyini Umehluko phakathi kweZinc neMagnesium?

I-Zinc ne-magnesium yizici zamakhemikhali zetafula le-periodic.I-Zinc iyikhemikhali enenombolo ye-athomu engu-30 kanye nophawu lwamakhemikhali u-Zn, kuyilapho i-magnesium iyisici samakhemikhali esinenombolo ye-athomu engu-12 kanye nophawu lwamakhemikhali uMg.Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwe-zinc ne-magnesium ukuthi i-zinc iyinsimbi ye-post-transition, kanti i-magnesium iyinsimbi yomhlaba ene-alkali.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-zinc isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ama-alloys, i-galvanizing, izingxenye zezimoto, izingxenye zikagesi, njll., kuyilapho i-magnesium isetshenziswa njengengxenye yama-alloys e-aluminium.Lokhu kuhlanganisa ama-alloys asetshenziswa kumathini esiphuzo e-aluminium.I-Magnesium, ehlanganiswe ne-zinc, isetshenziswa ekubunjweni kokufa.