Yini okufanele ngiyinake ngezimpahla ezibucayi?

Emsebenzini wabathumeli bempahla, sivame ukuzwa igama elithi "izimpahla ezibucayi".Kodwa yiziphi izimpahla eziyizimpahla ezibucayi?Yini okufanele ngiyinake ngezimpahla ezibucayi?

Embonini yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe, ngokomhlangano, izimpahla zivame ukuhlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezintathu: izimpahla ezingekho emthethweni, ezibucayi kanye nezimpahla ezijwayelekile.Izimpahla ezingekho emthethweni zinqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi zithunyelwe.Izimpahla ezibucayi kumele zithuthwe ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo yezimpahla ezahlukene.Izimpahla ezijwayelekile ziyizimpahla ezingathunyelwa ngokujwayelekile.
01

Ziyini izimpahla ezibucayi?
Incazelo yezimpahla ezibucayi iyinkimbinkimbi.Kuyizimpahla phakathi kwezimpahla ezijwayelekile kanye nezingekho emthethweni.Kwezokuthutha zamazwe ngamazwe, kunomehluko oqinile phakathi kwezimpahla ezibucayi nezimpahla ezephula imikhawulo.

“Izimpahla ezibucayi” ngokuvamile zibhekisela ezimpahleni ezingaphansi kokuhlolwa okusemthethweni (ukuhlolwa kwe-forensic) (okuhlanganisa lezo ezikukhathalogi yokuhlola okusemthethweni enemibandela yokugada ukuthekelisa B, kanye nezimpahla ezihlolwe ngokusemthethweni ngaphandle kwekhathalogi).Okufana nokuthi: izilwane nezitshalo nemikhiqizo yazo, ukudla, iziphuzo newayini, imikhiqizo ethile yamaminerali namakhemikhali (ikakhulukazi izimpahla eziyingozi), izimonyo, iziqhumane nezilayishi, imikhiqizo yezinkuni nezinkuni (kuhlanganise nefenisha yokhuni), njll.

Ngokuvamile, izimpahla ezibucayi ziyimikhiqizo kuphela enqatshelwe ukugibela noma elawulwa ngokuqinile ngamasiko.Imikhiqizo enjalo ingathunyelwa ngaphandle ngokuphepha nangokujwayelekile futhi imenyezelwe njengokujwayelekile.Ngokuvamile, badinga ukunikeza imibiko yokuhlola ehambisanayo futhi basebenzise amaphakheji ahlangabezana nezici zabo ezikhethekile.Ukufuna imikhiqizo eqinile Izinkampani ezithutha izimpahla zithwala izinto zokuhamba.
02

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zezimpahla ezibucayi?
01
Amabhethri

Amabhethri, kuhlanganise nezimpahla ezinamabhethri.Njengoba amabhethri engabangela kalula ukusha okuzenzakalelayo, ukuqhuma, njll., ayingozi futhi athinta ukuphepha kwezokuthutha.Ziyizimpahla ezivinjelwe, kodwa azithengiswa futhi zingathuthwa ngezinqubo ezikhethekile eziqinile.

Ezimpahleni zebhethri, izidingo ezivame kakhulu iziqondiso ze-MSDS kanye nokuhlolwa nezitifiketi ze-UN38.3 (UNDOT);izimpahla zebhethri zinezidingo eziqinile zokupakisha nezinqubo zokusebenza.

02
Ukudla okuhlukahlukene kanye nezidakamizwa

Imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yezempilo edliwayo, ukudla okugayiwe, ama-condiments, okusanhlamvu, imbewu kawoyela, ubhontshisi, izikhumba nezinye izinhlobo zokudla, kanye nemithi yendabuko yamaShayina, imithi yebhayoloji, imithi yamakhemikhali kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezidakamizwa zihilelekile ekuhlaselweni kwezinto eziphilayo.Ukuze kuvikelwe izinsiza zabo, amazwe Ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe, uhlelo lokuvalelwa okuphoqelekile lwenziwa ezimpahleni ezinjalo.Ngaphandle kwesitifiketi sokuvalelwa, zingahlukaniswa njengezimpahla ezibucayi.

Isitifiketi sokufuthwa singesinye sezitifiketi ezivame kakhulu zalolu hlobo lwezimpahla, futhi isitifiketi sokufuthwa singesinye sezitifiketi ze-CIQ.

03
Ama-CD, ama-CD, izincwadi namamagazini

Izincwadi, amaphephabhuku, izinto eziphrintiwe, ama-optical disc, ama-CD, amafilimu, nezinye izinhlobo zezimpahla eziyingozi emnothweni wezwe, ezombusazwe, ezenzweni zokuziphatha, noma ezibandakanya izimfihlo zombuso, kanye nezimpahla eziqukethe okokugcina amakhompyutha, kubucayi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziyangeniswa noma zithunyelwe ngaphandle.

Ukuthuthwa kwalolu hlobo lwezimpahla kudinga isitifiketi esivela ku-National Audio and Video Publishing House kanye nencwadi yesiqinisekiso ebhalwe umkhiqizi noma othumela ngaphandle.

04
Izinto ezingazinzile njengezimpushana nama-colloid

Njengezimonyo, imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba, amafutha abalulekile, umuthi wokuxubha amazinyo, i-lipstick, i-sunscreen, iziphuzo, amakha, njll.

Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, izinto ezinjalo ziguquguquka kalula, ziphefumulelwe, zishiswe ngokungqubuzana kanye ne-extrusion, futhi ziqhume ngenxa yokupakisha noma ezinye izinkinga.Ziyizinto ezivinjelwe ekuthuthweni kwempahla.

Imikhiqizo enjalo ivamise ukudinga i-MSDS (Chemical Safety Data Sheet) kanye nombiko wokuhlolwa kwempahla ovela esikhumulweni semikhumbi lapho isuka khona ngaphambi kokuthi kumenyezelwe ukuthi iyisiko.

05
Izinto ezicijile

Imikhiqizo ebukhali namathuluzi abukhali, okuhlanganisa izinto zasekhishini ezibukhali, izinto zokubhala kanye namathuluzi ehardware, konke kuyimpahla ebucayi.Izibhamu zamathoyizi ezingokoqobo zizohlukaniswa njengezikhali futhi zithathwe njengezingekho emthethweni futhi azikwazi ukuthunyelwa ngeposi.

06
Imikhiqizo yomgunyathi

Izimpahla ezinebhrendi noma zomgunyathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziyiqiniso noma zomgunyathi, ngokuvamile zihilela ingozi yezingxabano ezingokomthetho ezifana nokuphulwa komthetho, ngakho zidinga ukudlula eziteshini zezimpahla ezibucayi.
Imikhiqizo ewumgunyathi iyimikhiqizo ephula umthetho futhi idinga imvume yempahla.

07
Izinto zikaMazibuthe

Okufana namabhange kagesi, omakhalekhukhwini, amawashi, ama-game consoles, amathoyizi kagesi, ama-shaver, njll. Imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi evame ukukhiqiza umsindo iqukethe nozibuthe.

Ububanzi nezinhlobo zezinto kazibuthe zibanzi, futhi kulula kumakhasimende ukucabanga ngephutha ukuthi akuzona izinto ezibucayi.

Fingqa:

Njengoba izikhumulo zemikhumbi zinezidingo ezihlukile zezimpahla ezibucayi, izimfuneko zokugunyazwa kwentela kanye nabahlinzeki besevisi yezokuthutha ziphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa.Ithimba lemisebenzi lidinga ukulungiselela kusengaphambili izinqubomgomo ezifanele kanye nolwazi lwesitifiketi sezwe langempela okuyiwa kulo.

Kubanikazi bezimpahla, kufanele bathole umhlinzeki wesevisi yezokuthutha oqinile wokuthutha izimpahla ezibucayi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, intengo yokuthutha yezimpahla ezibucayi izoba phezulu ngokulinganayo.