I-zinc: umnyombo, imithetho kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza

1 I-zinc isatshalaliswa kabanzi emvelweni futhi ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile zokulandela umkhondo ezintweni eziphilayo. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni, ukwakhiwa, ezokuhamba, emithini kanye nezinye izinkambu. Igama elithi Zinc livela eLatin "ZinCo", elisho ukuthi "i-tin-like insimbi" ngoba ezikhathini zasendulo, i-zinc yayivame ukudideka nge-tin.

2. Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zombala we-zinc kanye ne-luster: i-zinc emhlophe emhlophe ecwebezelayo nge-luster yensimbi. Emoyeni, indawo ye-zinc izokwenza kancane kancane, yakha ifilimu elimpunga elimhlophe le-zinc onide. I-Density kanye nePhoyinti Yokuncibilika: Ubukhulu be-zinc bucishe bube ngu-7.14g / cm³, indawo yokuncibilika ingu-419.5 ℃, futhi iphuzu lokubila lingu-907 ℃. Lokhu kwenza i-zinc ibe nezakhiwo ezinhle zokucubungula emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni futhi ilungele izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokukhiqiza. I-Cuctility kanye ne-Puctivity: I-zinc ine-coucticity ethile kanye nokuvuselelwa futhi ingadonswa kuma-filaments noma icindezelwe ngamashidi, kepha ukuvumelanisa kwayo nogesi kanye nokuvuselelwa kwayo akukuhle njengethusi ne-aluminium. Ubulukhuni kanye namandla: I-zinc emsulwa inobulukhuni obuphansi, kepha ubulukhuni bayo namandla akhona kungandiswa ngokuqambana ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zezinkambu ezahlukahlukene.

I-3 I-2ZN + O₂ = 2ZNO iphendula ngama-acid: I-Zinc ingasabela ngama-acid angewona ama-acid afana ne-dulfuric acid kanye ne-dilute hydrochloric acid ukukhiqiza usawoti we-zinc ohambelana ne-hydrogen. ZN + H₂so₄ = Znso₄ + h₂↑
I-ZN + 2hcl = zncl₂ + h₂↑ reaction nge-Alkali: I-zinc ingasabela ngesisombululo esiqinile se-alkali ukukhiqiza i-zinc hydroxide ne-hydrogen gas. I-ZN + 2Anaoh = Ukusabela kwe-Na₂zno₂ + H₂↑ ngesisombululo sikasawoti: I-zinc ingabhekana nokusabalala ngezixazululo kasawoti, njengesixazululo sikasawoti wesiliva, njll. Zn + Cu
I-ZN + 2GAGNO₃ = ZN (No₃) ₂ + 2Ag
Ifomu le-4. Ifomu lokuba khona kanye nokukhishwa kweFomu le-Zinc (1) elikhona Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-Sphalerite yi-Zinc sulfide (ZNS), okuvame ukuqukethe nezinye izinto ezifana ne-iron and lead. Amanye amaminerali: I-zinc nayo ikhona kwamanye amaminerali, anjengeSmithsonite (isakhi esiyinhloko yi-znco₃), i-hemimorphite (Ingxenye eyinhloko yi-Zn₄si₂₇ (oh) · H₂o), njll (2) Inqubo yokukhishwa Ukusuka endabeni kuqhutshwa ukuchoboza, ukuhlolwa, ukuhlela nezinye izinqubo, i-ore ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-zinc kukhethiwe. Ukugazinga: I-ore ekhethiwe iyagcwala ukuthuthukisa ukuncishiswa kanye nebanga le-ore. Ukubhema: Sebenzisa i-prometallurgy noma i-hydrometalluurgy ukuguqula i-zinc sulfide ibe yi-zinc yensimbi. I-Pyrometallurgy ikakhulukazi ifaka izinyathelo ezinjengokudilizwa kanye nokuncishiswa; I-Hydrometalluurgy ikakhulukazi isebenzisa amakhemikhali amakhemikhali ukuncibilikisa i-zinc kusuka ku-ore. 2Zns + 3o₂ = 2zno + 2SHA
Zno + c = zn + co ↑
5 Isibonelo, ishidi lensimbi elenziwe nge-Galvanized, ipayipi lensimbi ye-galvanized, njll. Ibhethri: I-zinc idlala indima ebalulekile ekwenziweni kwebhethri. Isibonelo, amabhethri alomile, amabhethri wesitoreji, njll. Zonke sebenzisa i-zinc njengezinto ezingezinhle ze-elektrode. Izinto ze-Alloy: I-Zinc Alloy inezindawo ezinhle zokuphonsa kanye nezakhiwo zemishini futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenziweni kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene kanye nokuhlobisa. (2) Isicelo ekukhiqizeni insimbi yokukhiqiza insimbi yezimboni Imboni yamakhemikhali: I-zinc isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali, njengasekukhiqizeni imibala, udayi, ama-catalysts, njll. Inkambu yezokwelapha: I-Zinc ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile zomzimba womzimba womuntu futhi inemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yomzimba, enjalo NJENGOBA iqhaza ekulawulweni komsebenzi we-enzyme kanye nokwenza ngcono umsebenzi wokuvikelekile. Ngakho-ke, i-zinc nayo isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezokwelapha, njengokwelapha ukuntuleka kwe-zinc kanye nokwenza ngcono ukungavikeleki.