Umehluko phakathi kwe-nitrate ne-nitrite

Umehluko osemqoka phakathi kweNitrate ne-nitrite kuthi i-nitrate iqukethe ama-athomu amathathu ama-athomu ahlanganiswe ne-athomu ye-nitrogen kanti uNitrite uqukethe ama-athomu ama-athomu amabili ahlanganiswe ku-athomu le-nitrogen.
Zombili i-nitrate ne-nitrite zingama-inorganic anion aqukethe ama-athomu ama-nitrogen nama-oxygen. Kokubili la ma-anion anemali kagesi e-A -1. Zenzeka ikakhulukazi njenge-anion yamakhethini kasawoti. Kunokwehluka okuthile phakathi kweNitrate neNitrite; Sizobe sixoxa ngomehluko kule ndaba.

Yini i-nitrate?

I-nitrate iyi-anion ye-inorganic enefomula yamakhemikhali NO3-. Yi-anion ye-polyatomic enama-athomu ama-4; i-athomu elilodwa le-nitrogen kanye nama-athomu amathathu oksijini. I-anion inemali ekhokhwayo. I-molar mass yale antion i-62 g / mol. Futhi, le antion itholakala kwi-conjugate acid yayo; i-nitric acid noma i-HNO3. Ngamanye amagama, i-nitrate isisekelo se-conjugate se-nitric acid.

Esikhathini esifushane, i-nitrate ion ine-athomu elilodwa le-nitrogen enkabeni ebopha ama-athomu ama-opygen amathathu nge-combared yamakhemikhali ebumbanayo. Lapho ucubungula ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwale antion, inezibopho ezintathu ezifanayo azikho izibopho (ngokuya ngezinhlaka ze-anion). Ngakho-ke, iJiometry ye-molecule iyiplanethi eyisisekelo. I-athomu ngalinye le-oksijini liphethe i - 2/3 imali ekhokhwayo, enikeza icala lonke le-anion as -1.

Ekucindezelweni okujwayelekile kanye nokushisa, cishe zonke izinkampani zikasawoti eziqukethe le antion ziyancibilika emanzini. Singathola ukuthi usawoti we-nitrate ngokwemvelo owenzeka emhlabeni njengamadiphozi; ama-nitratine amadiphozithi. Ikanani iqukethe i-sodium nitrate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-bacterium ama-nitrif angakhiqiza i-nitrate ion. Enye yezindlela ezinkulu zokusetshenziswa kosawoti we-nitrate ukukhiqizwa umanyolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuwusizo njenge-ejenti yoxeging eziqhumane.

Yini i-nitrite?

I-Nitrite ingusawoti we-inorganic onefomula yamakhemikhali no2-. Le antion yi-anion ye-symmetric, futhi ine-athomu elilodwa le-nitrogen eliboshwe ama-athomu amabili aphefumulayo ngama-athomu amabili afanayo amakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, i-athomu le-nitrogen lisenkabeni ye-molecule. I-anion inemali ekhokhwayo.

Isisindo se-moyar se-anion singu-46.01 g / mol. Futhi, le antion itholakala kwi-nitrous acid noma i-HNO2. Ngakho-ke, yisisekelo se-conjugate se-nitrous acid. Ngakho-ke, singakhiqiza usawoti we-nitrite ngentshiseko nge-nitrous fumes edlula kwikhambi le-sodium hydroxide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kukhiqiza i-sodium nitrite esingahlanza ngayo ngeRecrystallization. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usawoti we-nitrite onjenge-sodium nitrite ulusizo ekulondolozeni ukudla ngoba kungavimbela ukudla ekukhuleni kwe-microbial.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-nitrate ne-nitrite?

I-Nitrate iyi-anion ye-inorganic enefomula yamakhemikhali NO3 - i-nitrite ingusawoti ongaziwa onamakhemikhali wefomula ye-no2-. Ngakho-ke, umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwe-nitrate ne-nitrite amanga ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali kwama-anion amabili. Leyo; Umehluko osemqoka phakathi kweNitrate ne-nitrite kuthi i-nitrate iqukethe ama-athomu amathathu ama-athomu ahlanganiswe ne-athomu ye-nitrogen kanti uNitrite uqukethe ama-athomu ama-athomu amabili ahlanganiswe ku-athomu le-nitrogen. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nitrate ion itholakala kusuka ku-conjugate acid yayo; I-nitric acid, ngenkathi i-nitrite ion itholakala kwi-nitrous acid. Njengomunye umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwe-nitrate ne-nitrite ion, singasho ukuthi i-nitrate yi-ejenti ye-oxidizing ngoba ingahle ibe nokuncishiswa okuwukuphela kwe-oxidizing kanye nokunciphisa umenzeli.