Inani le-Chrome Ore?

Inani le-Chrome Ore?

01
Intengo eyisisekelo yamazwe omhlaba we-ore ye-chrome isethwe ikakhulukazi yi-Glencore ne-samanco ngokubonisana namaqembu okuhweba.

Amanani entengo ka-Chromium Oree anqunywa ngokukhethekile ngokunikezwa kwemakethe kanye nezimo ezifunwayo bese ulandela izitayela zemakethe. Ayikho indlela yonyaka noma yanyanga zonke yentengo yezingxoxo. Intengo ye-International Chromium Ore Base Price inqunywa ikakhulu ezingxoxweni phakathi kweGlencore neSamanco, abakhiqizi abakhulu be-chrome obukhulu emhlabeni, ngemuva kokuvakashela abasebenzisi ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene. Ukuhlinzekwa kwamanani okuthenga kanye nokuthenga komsebenzisi ngokuvamile kusethwe ngokusekelwe kule nkomba.

02
Ukuhlinzekwa kwe-Ore ye-Global Chrome kanye nephethini yokufuna kugxile kakhulu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuhlinzeka kanye nokufunwa kuye kwaqhubeka ukukhulula, futhi amanani entengo ashiyekile emazingeni aphansi.
Okokuqala, ukusatshalaliswa kwe-chromium ore kanye nokukhiqizwa kugxile kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika, iKazakhstan, India nakwamanye amazwe, ngezinga eliphakeme lokuhlushwa. Ngo-2021, i-Global Chromium Ore Reveves egcinelwe amathani ayizigidi ezingama-570, lapho iKazakhstan, iNingizimu Afrika, kanye ne-India i-Akhawunti ye-40.3%, i-35%, i-17.5% ngokulandelana kwezisetshenziswa zomhlaba wonke we-Chromium Resource. Ngo-2021, inani eliphelele le-Chromium Ore Production lingamathani ayizigidi ezingama-41.4. Ukukhiqizwa kugxile kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika, Kazakhstan, Turkey, India, kanye neFinland. Izilinganiso zokukhiqiza zingama-43.5%, 16.9%, 16.9%, 7.2%, kanye ne-5.6% ngokulandelana. Ingxenye ephelele idlula ama-90%.

Okwesibili, i-Glencore, i-Samanco kanye ne-EURASIAN izinsizakusebenza zabakhiqizi be-chromium amakhulu emhlabeni, futhi ekuqaleni bakha isakhiwo semakethe ye-oligopoly Chromium Ore Supply Supply. Kusukela ngo-2016, ama-Giants Giadores ama-Glensecore amabili akhuthaza ngentshiseko ukuhlangana nokutholwa kwe-ores yaseNingizimu Afrika i-Chrome Ores. Cishe ngoJuni 2016, i-Glencecore yathola i-Hernic Ferrochrome Company (hernic), futhi uSamanco wathola izinsimbi zamazwe omhlaba (ifm). Lezi zinto ezinkulu zihlanganise futhi izikhundla zazo emakethe ye-Ore yaseNingizimu Afrika, zihlanganiswe nezinsizakusebenza zaseYurophu zilawula imakethe yaseKazakhstan kanye nokunikezwa kwe-chromium ore ekuqaleni kwakha isakhiwo semakethe ye-oligopoly. Njengamanje, umthamo wokukhiqiza wezinkampani ezinkulu eziyishumi ezifana nenkampani ye-Eurasian yemvelo yezinsizakusebenza, i-Glencecore, ne-Samanco Akhawunti cishe ama-75% omhlaba wonke we-Chromium Ore Production umthamo.

Okwesithathu, ukunikezwa okuphelele kanye nokufunwa kwe-Global Chrome Ore kuqhubeke ukukhulula eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi umdlalo wentengo phakathi kokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa ukhule. Ngo-2018 nango-2019, izinga lokukhula kwamanani e-chromium are Supply kakhulu lidlula izinga lokukhula kokukhiqizwa kwensimbi engagqwali iminyaka emibili elandelanayo, okudingeka ukwehla okuqhubekayo kwamanani entengo ye-chromium kusukela ngo-2017 . Ukuthinteka ngobhubhane, imakethe yensimbi engagqwali iye yabuthakathaka kusukela ngo-2020, kanye nesidingo se-chromium ore sebuthakathaka. Ngasohlangothini lokuhlinzekwa, okuthintwe ubhubhane oluseNingizimu Afrika, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla ezindlini zokusebenzisa amandla okusetshenziswa okubili, ukuhlinzekwa kwe-chromium ore kuncishisile, kepha ukufunwa okuphelele kusesimweni sokuphumula. Kusuka ku-2020 kuya ku-2021, intengo ye-chromium ore yehle unyaka nonyaka, ishintshanisa ngezinga eliphansi uma liqhathaniswa namanani omlando, futhi ukululama okuphelele kumanani we-chromium sekubekele ngemuva kweminye imikhiqizo yensimbi. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2022, ngenxa yesimo esikhulu sezinto ezifana nokuhlinzekwa kanye nokudinga ukungaziphathi kahle, izindleko eziphakeme, nokuncipha kokusungula, amanani entengo e-chromium are akhuphuke ngokushesha. NgoMeyi 9, intengo yokulethwa kwe-South African Chromium 44% i-powder ecwengekile ethekwini eShanghai echwebeni lapho ikhuphuke ibe ngu-65 yuan / ton, okucishe kube yiminyaka emi-4 ephezulu. Kusukela ngoJuni, njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwelanga okuphansi kwensimbi engenasici kuyaqhubeka nobuthakathaka, izitshalo zensimbi ezingenasici zinciphise kakhulu ukukhiqizwa, ukufunwa kwe-Ferrochromium kubuthakathaka, ukuzimisela ukuthengisela izinto ze-chromium ore bawe ngokushesha.